Every owner pays a VvE contribution. The articles must contain arrangements for the contributions owners owe the VvE periodically, at least annually (article 5:112(2)(c) BW). Each apartment right contributes an equal share of the shared debts and costs, unless the regulations set a different ratio, such as a fraction (article 5:113(2) BW).
Under the Model Regulations 2017, the meeting sets the advance contributions with the budget, which owners pay monthly in advance, and the final contributions with the annual accounts. An overpaid advance is refunded and a shortfall made up, unless the meeting decides otherwise. You may not set off or suspend the contribution because of an (alleged) claim against the VvE (articles 15 and 16).
On a sale, buyer and seller are jointly and severally liable for contributions that became due in the current or previous financial year (article 5:122(3) BW).
See also: Budget (begroting), Annual accounts (jaarrekening), Fraction (breukdeel), Reserve fund (reservefonds), Statement on sale (5:122 statement)
Read more: VvE fees explained
Legal basis: Boek 5 BW, art. 5:112, 5:113, 5:122, Modelreglement 2017, art. 15–16